Tag: history

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Loss, time and money

May - Oct 2006 Calendar
May – Oct 2006 Calendar (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

For my holiday project I’m reading through my old blog posts and trying to track the conversations that they were part of. What is shocking, but not surprising with a little thought, is how many of my current ideas seem to spring into being almost whole in single posts. And just how old some of those posts are. At the some time there is plenty of misunderstanding and rank naivety in there as well.

The period from 2007-10 was clearly productive and febrile. The links out from my posts point to a distributed conversation that is to be honest still a lot more sophisticated than much current online discussion on scholarly communications. Yet at the same time that fabric is wearing thin. Broken links abound, both internal from when I moved my own hosting and external. Neil Saunders’ posts are all still accessible, but Deepak Singh’s seem to require a trip to the Internet Archive. The biggest single loss, though occurs through the adoption of Friendfeed in mid-2008 by our small community. Some links to discussions resolve, some discussions of discussions survive as posts but whole chunks of the record of those conversations – about researcher IDs, peer review, and incentives and credit appear to have disappeared.

As I dig deeper through those conversations it looks like much of it can be extracted from the Internet Archive, but it takes time. Time is a theme that runs through posts starting in 2009 as the “real time web” started becoming a mainstream thing, resurfaced in 2011 and continues to bother. Time also surfaces as a cycle. Comments on peer review from 2011 still seem apposite and themes of feeds, aggregations and social data continue to emerge over time. On the other hand, while much of my recounting of conversations about Researcher IDs in 2009 will look familiar to those who struggled with getting ORCID up and running, a lot of the technology ideas were…well probably best left in same place as my enthusiasm for Google Wave. And my concerns about the involvement of Crossref in Researcher IDs is ironic given I now sit on their board as second representing PLOS.

The theme that travels throughout the whole seven-ish years is that of incentives. Technical incentives, the idea that recording research should be a byproduct of what the researcher is doing anyway and ease of use (often as rants about institutional repositories) appear often. But the core is the question of incentives for researchers to adopt open practice, issues of “credit” and how it might be given as well as the challenges that involves, but also of exchange systems that might turn “credit” into something real and meaningful. Whether that was to be real money wasn’t clear at the time. The concerns with real money come later as this open letter to David Willets suggests a year before the Finch review. Posts from 2010 on frequently mention the UK’s research funding crisis and in retrospect that crisis is the crucible that formed my views on impact and re-use as well as how new metrics might support incentives that encourage re-use.

The themes are the same, the needs have not changes so much and many of the possibilities remain unproven and unrealised. At the same time the technology has marched on, making much of what was hard easy, or even trivial. What remains true is that the real value was created in conversations, arguments and disagreements, reconciliations and consensus. The value remains where it has always been – in a well crafted network of constructive critics and in a commitment to engage in the construction and care of those networks.

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How I got into open science – a tale of opportunism and serendipity

So Michael Nielsen, one morning at breakfast at Scifoo asked one of those questions which never has a short answer; ‘So how did you get into this open science thing?’ and I realised that although I have told the story to many people I haven’t ever written it down. Perhaps this is a meme worth exploring more generally but I thought others might be interested in my story, partly because it illustrates how funding drives scientists, and partly because it shows how the combination of opportunism and serendipity can make for successful bedfellows.

In late 2004 I was spending a lot of my time on the management of a large collaborative research project and had had a run of my own grant proposals rejected. I had a student interested in doing a PhD but no direct access to funds to support the consumables cost of the proposed project. Jeremy Frey had been on at me for a while to look at implementing the electronic lab notebook system that he had lead the development of and at the critical moment he pointed out to me a special call from the BBSRC for small projects to prototype, develop, or implement e-science technologies in the biological sciences. It was a light touch review process and a relatively short application. More to the point it was a way of funding some consumables.

So the grant was written. I wrote the majority of it, which makes somewhat interesting reading in retrospect. I didn’t really know what I was talking about at the time (which seems to be a theme with my successful grants). The original plan was to use the existing, fully semantic, rdf backed electronic lab notebook and develop models for use in a standard biochemistry lab. We would then develop systems to enable a relational database to be extracted from the rdf representation and present this on the web.

The grant was successful but the start was delayed due to shenanigans over the studentship that was going to support the grant and the movement of some of the large project to another institution with one of the investigators. Partly due to the resulting mess I applied for the job I ultimately accepted at RAL and after some negotiation organised an 80:20 split between RAL and Southampton.

By the time we had a student in place and had got the grant started it was clear that the existing semantic ELN was not in a state that would enable us to implement new models for our experiments. However at this stage there was a blog system that had been developed in Jeremy’s group and it was thought it would be an interesting experiment to use this as a notebook. This would be almost the precise opposite of the rdf backed ELN. Looking back at it now I would describe it as taking the opportunity to look at a Web 2.0 approach to the notebook as compared to a Web 3.0 approach but bear in mind that at the time I had little or no idea of what these terms meant, let alone the care with which they need to be used.

The blog based system was great for me as it meant I could follow the student’s work online and doing this I gradually became aware of blogs in general and the use of feed readers. The RSS feed of the LaBLog was a great help as it made following the details of experiments remotely straightforward. This was important as by now I was spending three or four days a week at RAL while the student was based in Southampton. As we started to use the blog, at first in a very naïve way we found problems and issues which ultimately led to us thinking about and designing the organisational approach I have written about elsewhere [1, 2]. By this stage I had started to look at other services online and was playing around with OpenWetWare and a few other services, becoming vaguely aware of Creative Commons licenses and getting a grip on the Web 2.0 versus Web 3.0 debate.

To implement our newly designed approach to organising the LaBLog we decided the student would start afresh with a clean slate in a new blog. By this stage I was playing with using the blog for other things and had started to discover that there were issues that meant the ID authentication we were using didn’t always work through the RAL firewall. I ended up having complicated VPN setups, particularly working from home, where I couldn’t log on to the blog and I have my email online at the same time. This, obviously, was a pain and as we were moving to a new blog which could have new security settings I said, ‘stuff it, let’s just make it completely visible and be done with it’.

So there you go. The critical decision to move to an Open Notebook status was taken as the result of a firewall. So serendipity, or at least the effect of outside pressures, was what made it happen.  I would like to say it was a carefully thought out philosophical decision but, although the fact that I was aware of the open access movement, creative commons, OpenWetWare, and others no doubt prepared the background that led me to think down that route, it was essentially the result of frustration.

So, so far, opportunism and serendipity, which brings us back to opportunism again, or at least seizing an opportunity. Having made the decision to ‘go open’ two things clicked in my mind. Firstly the fact that this was rather radical. Secondly, the fact that all of these Web 2.0 tools combined with an open approach could lead to a marked improvement in the efficiency of collaborative science, a kind of ‘Science 2.0’ [yes, I know, don’t laugh, this would have been around March 2007]. Here was an opportunity to get my name on a really novel and revolutionary concept! A quick Google search revealed that, funnily enough, I wasn’t the first person to think of this (yes! I’d been scooped!), but more importantly it led to what I think ought to be three of the Standard Works of Open Science, Bill Hooker’s three part series on Open Science at 3 Quarks Daily [1, 2, 3], Jean-Claude Bradley’s presentation on Open Notebook Science at Nature Precedings (and the associated original blog post coining the term), and Deepak Singh’s talk on Open Science at Ignite Seattle. From there I was inspired to seize the opportunity, get a blog of my own, and get involved. The rest of my story story, so far, is more or less available online here and via the usual sources.

Which leads me to ask. What got you involved in the ‘open’ movement? What, for you, were the ‘primary texts’ of open science and open research? There is a value in recording this, or at least our memories of it, for ourselves, to learn from our mistakes and perhaps discern the direction going forward. Perhaps it isn’t even too self serving to think of it as history in the making. Or perhaps, more in line with our own aims as ‘open scientists’, that we would be doing a poor job if we didn’t record what brought us to where we are and what is influencing our thinking going forward. I think the blogosphere does a pretty good job of the latter, but perhaps a little more recording of the former would be helpful.